Inverter

In the context of photovoltaics, an inverter is an electronic device that plays a key role in converting the solar energy produced by photovoltaic panels into an electric current suitable for use in the home or for distribution to the grid.

The main function of the inverter is to convert direct current (DC) electricity into alternating current (AC) and vice versa. When the PV panels produce DC electric current from solar radiation, the inverter converts it to AC current that is compatible with common electrical appliances or can be sent to the grid. This conversion process is necessary because most homes and utilities use AC electricity.

PV system inverters can have a variety of features, including tracking the performance of the PV panels, optimizing the system's performance depending on solar radiation intensity and temperatures, as well as the ability to connect to the internet to monitor production and performance online. There are different types of inverters, including central inverter and microinverter, with different benefits and applications depending on the size and deployment of the PV system.

In the context of PV, inverter for photovoltaics, converter or voltage source inverter are interchangeable terms.